To investigate the effect and mechanism of Matzhu （green ultrafine-powder made from bamboo leaves） as a dietary supplement to protect mice from metabolic syndrome （MS） in mice. Sixty male C57 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups. The MS animal model was built by feeding high fat diet（HFD）， meanwhile utilizing the Matzhu and Matcha as a dietary intervention. After 12 weeks， the body fat， blood lipid and blood glucose level were measured， and inflammatory factors， cytokines and oxidative stress were evaluated， and the gut microbiota was analyzed. The results suggested that the diet added 2.5% Pleioblastus-Matzhu had the best effect on body weight control in mice， the average body weight in this group decreased by 10.9% （P<0.001） compared with HFD group， followed by 2.5% Matcha group （decreased by 7.5%， P<0.001）. This dose of Pleioblastus-Matzhu could significantly ameliorate the blood lipid and blood glucose abnormalities induced by HFD， and prevent fatty liver formation； the level of inflammatory factors decreased significantly （IL-6 was 42% lower than that in the HFD group）； Leptin and lipopolysaccharide levels were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， adiponectin level was significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the intestinal flora maintained good diversity. Research suggested that Matzhu effectively protected experimental animals against the MS via reducing oxidative stress， inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors and improving gut microbiota structure， etc. In the two kinds of Matzhu from different bamboo resources， Pleioblastus-Matzhu possessed better effect than Bashania fangiana-Matzhu. Additionally， the additive dose of 2.5% was better than 5.0%. Matzhu is expected to play an active role in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases with increasing prevalence in human society.