High Fischer ratio oligopeptides are small peptide systems with a low aromatic amino acid and highly branched-chain amino acids. Due to its unique amino acid composition， high Fischer ratio oligopeptides have their unique physiological functions. This review summarized the current status of production of high Fischer ratio oligopeptides and their mechanism of enzymatic production. The present problems existing in production of high Fischer ratio oligopeptides are discussed， and the mechanism of how to achieve efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of producing high Fischer ratio oligopeptides based on endopeptidase and exopeptidase system are also discussed.