The Chinese yam was as solid-state fermentation matrix for bidrectional-fermentation using medicinal fungi. The adaptability of medicinal fungal on Chinese yam was evaluated. The strain which could grow and spread on Chinese yam matrix was chosen from 10 medicinal fungal strains. The bestrewing time， dry matter content， decomposition rate， scavenging rate of hydroxyl radical， DPPH， superoxide anion were analyzed. The adaptability of medicinal fungal on Chinese yam was evaluated by principal component analysis（PCA）. The results showed that the first two components represented 89.36% of the total variability on the base of the total variance explained. The first principal component F1 was bidrectional-fermentation adaptability factor， the second principal component F2 was fermentation time-consuming factor. The sample score plots visually displayed that Ganoderma lucidium（14025）， Lentinula sp.（14035）， Cordyceps militaris （14013） and Tremella fuciformis （50179） had good adaptation on Chinese yam. The adaptation of Ganoderma lucidium （14025） on Chinese yam was the best， which also need long time to complete the fermentation. Cordyceps militaris （14013） and Tremella fuciformis （50179） grow fast， and the fungi substance also had better antioxidant activity.