In recent years， the health benefits of probiotics have been continuously confirmed， and research on probiotics and human health has attracted global attention. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the current research trends of probiotics science， and make the judgments on the common issues that urgently need to be resolved in this field. Based on the analysis of the literatures on probiotics during 2001-2020， the top 10 research trends were illustrated， including， the probiotics and gastrointestinal health， immune regulation， metabolic syndrome， gut-X axis， probiotics-diet interaction， prebiotics/postbiotics， the latest technologies， edible safety， precision probiotics and the next-generation probiotics. At the same time， the proposal related to industrial technology， basic research， standards and regulations， the science popularization were also provided for the scientific study and industry development of probiotics in China.