Objective： To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar （ZAV） on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） in mice. Methods： The model mice were made by feeding with high fat diet for eight weeks， and ZAV were given by intragastric administration at the same time， once a day. Eight weeks later， the levels of serum glucose， lipid and free fatty acid， the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the content of malondialdehyde in the liver were measured. The levels of serum insulin and inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. The histopathological changes of hepatic tissue were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results： Compared with the model group， ZAV significantly reduced body weight and fat weight， significantly reduced the levels of triglyceride， free fatty acids， glucose and insulin in serum， increased antioxidant capacity and reduced the levels of inflammatory factors in mice. The hepatic tissue histopathological changes of ZAV treated groups were significantly improved. Conclusion： ZAV had obvious protective effects on NAFLD in mice， which perhaps related to its effects of regulating serum lipids and reducing insulin resistance and oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.