In order to investigate the potential harmfulness of Aflatoxin B1 （AFB1） and T-2 toxin （T-2） contamination in mouldy dried Lutjanus erythopterus and their relationship with intestinal microorganisms， this study used gastric lavage method to infect mice. Illumina-MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes of microbial community structure and composition， and hematology analyzer was used to determine the erythrocyte， leucocyte and hemoglobin of mice. The activity of two liver enzymes （aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase） in mice was determined by enzyme labeling method， and the relationship between the changes of intestinal flora and these potential hazards was analyzed. The results showed that AFB1 significantly increased the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae and Muribaculaceae of Bacteroides， Clostridiales of Firmicutes， and decreased the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae of Firmicutes and Alcaligenaceae of Proteobacteria， while T-2 significantly increased the abundance of Lactobacillaceae of Firmicutes. However， the abundance of Muribaculaceae and Alcaligenaceae was significantly reduced. The changes of the abundance of these bacteria were confirmed to be associated with hepatitis， blood and immune diseases. AFB1 group significantly reduced the number of leucocyte （P<0.05）， but the number of erythrocyte and hemoglobin did not change significantly （P>0.05）， indicating that AFB1 had immunotoxicity； T-2 group caused three blood indicators of mice to decrease significantly （P<0.05）， indicating that T-2 had strong immunotoxicity and hematotoxicity. The ratio of aspartate aminotransferase （AST） / alanine aminotransferase （ALT） in mice liver of AFB1 group was more than 1， showing obvious hepatitis symptoms， while the ratio of AST / ALT in mice liver of T-2 group was less than 1， and liver injury was not obvious. Abundance changes of intestinal flora caused by AFB1 and T-2 toxin in dried Lutjanus erythopterus were associated with hepatitis， blood toxicity and immunotoxicity， suggesting that the residual harmfulness of AFB1 and T-2 in dried Lutjanus erythopterus might also be associated with mutagenesis of intestinal microorganisms.