Petroleum-based compounds have good water resistance， but the waste is difficult to degrade. Cellulose has the advantages of light weight， degradability， and high surface area， and has received widespread attention in the field of food packaging， but its structural characteristics lead to strong hydrophilicity， which limits its application range. This article mainly studies the hydrophobic fibers in food packaging in recent years， and summarizes the methods of inducing hydrophobic modification of the fiber surface through chemical and physical treatment， which has important theoretical value and practical significance for expanding the application field of hydrophobic fibers.