In recent years， demand for PUFAs-rich oils is increasing rapidly due to their nutritional value and health benefits. However， they are susceptible to certain factors， such as temperature， light and pH， to some extent. In order to prevent them from oxidation and degradation during food processing and storage， various microencapsulation strategies have been adopted to stabilize oils for better application in the food industry. In this review， the methods available for microencapsulation of PUFAs-rich oils are summarized， and the advantages and limitations of each method are compared. In addition， the research results of three kinds of wall materials and their microencapsulation of PUFAs-rich oil were summarized， and the different characteristics of PUFAs-rich oil microencapsulation applied to foods were analyzed. Finally， the development trend of oil microencapsulation rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was prospected， particularly with regard to the potential application of new green materials as wall materials.