Purpose: To study the effect of stachyose on ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Method: Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to induce ulcerative colitis in mice. The mice were randomly divided into five groups: physiological saline group， DSS model group， low stachyose group， medium stachyose group， high stachyose group. The effect of stachyose on colitis in mice was analyzed by detecting the disease activity indexs， such as weight， blood in stool， and colonic length， morphological damage. Furthermore， its possible mechanism was explored by measuring the content of myeloperoxidase (MPO)， the level of IL-1β and other cytokines in serum， and the effect of stachyose on the NF-κB signaling. Results: Compared with physiological saline group， the weight of DSS model group decreased consciously and mice appeared symptoms such as diarrhea and blood in stool. Also， the content of MPO and the level of inflammatory cytokines of DSS model group increased significantly. Compared with DSS model group， stachyose at each group consciously relieved the disease symptoms and histopathological changes of mice with UC induced by DSS， declined the content of MPO and reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines， and the obvious effect was at medium and high stachyose group. Stachyose may control the condition of UC through inhibiting the excessive activation of NF-κB pathway. Conclusions: Stachyose has a great protective effect on UC. This effect may be related to the decrease of IL-1β and other inflammatory cytokines， and the inhibition of NF-κB pathway.