Branched-chain fatty acids are of great interest as emerging bioactive substances. Since goat milk is rich in nutritional value and its composition and content of branched-chain fatty acids are closest to those of breast milk， the analysis of factors affecting the composition of branched-chain fatty acids in goat milk is of great research significance for the high-value utilization of goat milk resources. In this study， the branched-chain fatty acid composition of goat milk was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) in two breeds of Saanen dairy goats， Guanzhong dairy goats and four breeding areas in Shandong and Shaanxi. The results showed that the composition of branched-chain fatty acids in the milk of Saanen dairy goats was richer than that of Guanzhong dairy goats， and the anteiso-C17∶0 of Saanen dairy goats in Shandong was significantly higher than those in the three breeding areas in Shaanxi Province， and the proportion of isomeric branched-chain fatty acids in the milk of sheep from the three breeding areas in Shaanxi Province was significantly different(P<0.05). The article revealed that the milk of Saanen dairy goats was more nutritious from the perspective of branched-chain fatty acid composition， and the composition of branched-chain fatty acids in the milk of Saanen goats in Shaanxi and Guanzhong goats in Shandong was closer to breast milk.