The term 'the first 1000 days of life' refers to the period spanning from pregnancy to a child's second year. This window of time is crucial for the development of the brain and represents a pivotal phase where nutritional factors can exert a profound influence. The healthy growth of the brain during early life hinges on a balanced and adequate supply of various nutrients. This article delves into a body of scientific evidence that elucidates the role of nutritional elements in promoting brain health. It encompasses discussions on critical phases in early brain development， the interplay between nutrition and neural growth， and the consequences of early-life nutritional interventions on both brain and neural development. Furthermore， it underscores the paramount importance of macronutrients and micronutrients in ensuring the structural integrity， functionality， and adaptability of the fetal and infant brain. Based on literature analysis， the article provides pertinent professional recommendations aimed at fostering the healthy development of infants and young children's brains in our nation.