Bisphenols in Diets: Contaminated Levels and Risk Assessment
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(1.Guangyuan Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guangyuan 628000, Sichuan;2.Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310006)

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    Abstract:

    Bisphenols(BPs) are suspected posing potential endocrine disrupting properties. Occurrence of BPs has been reported in environmental matrices. BPs might migrate into foodstuffs through food packaging materials or contaminated water and soil. Information on the occurrence of bisphenols, other than BPA, in foodstuffs, however, is scarce. Dietary exposure is of paramount importance way for human health. In this study, eight BPs, including BPA, BPS, BPP, BPB, BPAP, BPAF, BPF and BPZ, were analyzed in market foodstuffs (N = 278) collected from Guangyuan, Sichuan, China, using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) foodstuffs were divided into ten categories of beverages, dairy products, eggs, cquatic foods, cereals, meats, fruits, vegetables, canned food and packaged drinking water. Bisphenols were found in the majority (76.3%) of the food samples, and the total concentrations of bisphenols (ΣBPs: sum of eight bisphenols) were in the range of below the limit of detection (LOD) to 59.08 μg/kg, with an overall mean value of 3.12 μg/kg. The higher overall mean concentration of ΣBPs was found in canned food, cereals, cquatic foods and vegetables. The predominant bisphenol analogues found in foodstuffs were BPA and BPS, which accounted for 77.9% and 14.4% of the total BPs concentrations, respectively. On the basis of measured concentrations and daily ingestion rates of foods, the daily dietary intakes of bisphenols (calculated from the mean concentration) were estimated to rang from 42.59 ng/kg bw/d to 96.54 ng/kg bw/d for different age and gender groups. BPA contributed to the majority of the total intakes of the BPs, followed by BPs. The daily dietary intakes of BPs showed a decrease with the growth of the age. It should be noted that dietary intakes of people aged 2-19 year old (critical time of development, 87.96 ng/kg bw/d) were obviously higher than that of aged above 19(48.05 ng/kg bw/d). Based on the t-TDI set by EFSA (4 μg/kg bw/d for BPA), the BPs through dietary intake pose low risks on the general population even summarization exposure levels of different BPs. However, the production and application of BPA analogues are increasing worldwide, and the health risks caused by BPA analogues should be continuously concerned.

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History
  • Received:December 29,2022
  • Revised:
  • Adopted:
  • Online: January 23,2024
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