Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) is a virus that causes defects in the human immune system. HIV can abnormally activate immune cells， greatly reduce CD4+T lymphocytes in the intestine， weaken the defense against pathogenic bacteria， make intestinal immune dysfunction， imbalance of intestinal flora， and cause other system abnormalities. In clinical practice， anti retroviral therapy(ART) is accompanied by diarrhea， nausea， allergy and other adverse reactions. In recent years， studies have found that the combination of probiotics and ART treatment can regulate intestinal flora， inhibit bacterial translocation， and reduce the inflammatory coefficient of HIV infected people. This article mainly summarizes the efficacy and mechanism of adjuvant treatment of HIV patients by supplementing a variety of probiotics after the intestinal microecological changes caused by HIV. It shows that dietary adjuvant treatment of HIV infection with probiotics has a positive effect and is an economic and feasible treatment method.