With the increasing level of social development， the global consumption of meat products is growing rapidly. Cultured meat is a revolution in agri-food science and technology. With the rapid development of cultured meat engineering technology in the international arena， the gap in this regard in China has gradually emerged. This work reviewed the biological basis for efficient synthesis of cultured meat， including the mechanism of functional maintenance and developmental process of animal cells， the summary of animal cell growth factors and their synthesis strategies， the key technologies of the large-scale and low-cost culture of animal cells， and the biological process for improving the edible quality of cultured meat. Furthermore， this study discussed the technological challenges for industrialized manufacturing of cultured meat， and then provided a perspective on the future focus of cultured meat technology， so as to provide a theoretical and practical basis for achieving sustainable biomanufacturing of cultured meat.