In order to improve the stress resistance of probiotics， the core-shell structure of Lactobacillus acidophilus JYLA-191 dropping pills were prepared by coaxial dropping method with gelatin/pectin/sodium alginate complex as wall material and oil gel as carrier， the morphology and stability of the strain during processing， storage， heat treatment and digestion were evaluated. The results showed that the double-layer dropping pills had obvious core-shell structure and the strains were distributed evenly in the inner oil gel. After processing， the viable count of the double-layer dropping pills decreased by 1.02 lg(CFU/g)， which was lower than that of the single-layer dropping pills by 0.89 lg(CFU/g). Both kinds of dropping pills could pass through the upper digestive tract and be released into the colon. The viable bacterial counts of single-layer and double-layer dropping pills could reach 6.38 lg(CFU/g) and 8.43 lg(CFU/g) after continuous digestion. Lactobacillus acidophilus JYLA-191 in double-layer dropping pills exhibited better resistance in high concentrations of bile salts than in single-layer dropping pills， with no significant loss of cellular activity(P>0.05). Both single-layer and double-layer dropping pills increased the heat resistance of Lactobacillus acidophilus JYLA-191， and the activity of double-layer dropping pills could still reach 5.39 lg(CFU/g) after 70 ℃ heat treatment. The two kinds of dropping pills were stored at 4 ℃ and 25 ℃ to enhance the stability of cells， and the storage effect at 4 ℃ was better than that at single-layer dropping pills and double-layer dropping pills. The results showed that the double-layer dropping pills could effectively enhance the stress resistance of Lactobacillus acidophilus JYLA-191 in harsh environment.