Objective: To investigate the alleviating mechanism of camel milk on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. Methods: Thirty C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned into three groups: negative control group (NC group)， model group (Mod group) and camel milk group (CaM group). The negative control group was fed control diets， the model and camel milk groups were fed high-fat diets， and camel milk was given daily by gavage to the camel milk group mice. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks， and the NAFLD model was established. The alleviation mechanism of NAFLD in mice by camel milk was investigated by analyzing biochemical indices， liver pathological structure and liver lipidome. Results: With the intervention of camel milk， the body weight， blood glucose and liver index of NAFLD mice were significantly reduced to 31.45 g， 8.85 mmol/mL and 3.98%， respectively(P<0.05)； the levels of total triglyceride (TG)， total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-c) in serum were significantly reduced to 0.657 mmol/mL， 4.689 mmol/mL， and 9.923 μmol/mL， respectively (P<0.05)； the levels of TG and TC in liver were dramatically reduced to 0.034 mmol/mL and 0.009 mmol/mL， respectively(P<0.05)； liver tissue structure was intact and clear， and the lipid accumulation was reduced in the liver. Lipidomic analysis showed that the relative levels of choline (CEs)， diglycerides(DGs)， unsaturated triglycerides (TGs)， phosphatidylcholine (PC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPCs) were increased in the liver of mice in the CaM group； lipid metabolites were enriched in sphingolipid metabolism， glycerol ester metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Conclusion: Camel milk alleviates NAFLD by modulating sphingolipid metabolism， triglyceride metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism in mice with NAFLD by altering liver lipid profiles.