With the continuous research on functional factors， the essential components in functional foods， numerous functional factors have been developed and applied to functional foods. For instance， unsaturated fatty acids， polyphenols and carotenoids have their own low bioavailability due to their special physicochemical properties， thus restricting their application in food. Therefore， the development of functional factor transport systems to improve the utilization of functional factors in food organisms has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper， we systematically summarize the physicochemical properties of nanoemulsions， multilayer emulsions， solid-phase lipid particles， and gel particles based on recent research on functional factor delivery systems and explain the mechanism of action and application of various delivery systems. The target delivery system could help improve functional factors' problems and achieve the controlled release of targeted action sites in vivo. Conclusively， this paper aims to lay a theoretical basis for developing and applying targeted delivery systems for functional factors in the food industry.