The neural basis of gustatory perception， as a convergence point of cognitive neuroscience and sensory science， is increasingly gaining scholarly attention. This review summarized the latest research advances in the application of neuroimaging techniques to the field of gustatory decoding， delving into how the brain relied on its intricate neural networks to process gustatory information and transition from sensory input to complex cognitive functions. Electroencephalography (EEG) captured the immediate electrophysiological responses of the brain to gustatory stimuli with its high temporal resolution， while functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) mapped the hemodynamic responses of the brain to gustatory stimuli with its high spatial resolution. Additionally， functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology， with its low sensitivity to motion artifacts and good temporal resolution， provided a new perspective for monitoring taste processing under natural behavioral conditions. This review synthesized the neural network structures of gustatory perception revealed by these techniques and discussed their potential applications in enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms of gustatory perception and in the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.