To explore the characteristics and differences of volatile flavor compounds in Boletus edulis from different habitats， GC-IMS was used to detect and analyze the volatile flavor compounds in Boletus edulis from 9 habitats in Yunnan and establish fingerprints. The results showed that 91 volatile compounds were identified by GC-IMS， mainly including aldehydes， ketones， esters， alcohols， acids， hydrocarbons， ethers， etc. However， there were differences in the volatile flavor compounds of Boletus edulis from different habitats. Principal component analysis combined with heat map cluster analysis found that the differences in flavor substances of Tonghai (TH) and Yimen (YM)， Kunming (KM) and Songming (SM) were the smallest in statistical analysis， which may be the result of the comprehensive effects of ecological and climatic conditions formed by geographical locations and altitude. The specific causes need to be further studied. Fingerprint analysis showed that 1-octen-3-one， ethanol， pentanal， limonene， ethyl lactate， propanal were the characteristic flavor substances of Boletus edulis. The results of this study laid a theoretical foundation for the flavor recognition and origin identification of Boletus edulis.