This study addressed the common issues of indicator redundancy and lack of standards in the quality evaluation system of edible lilies. Using Lilium lancifolium， L. davidii， L. brownii and ornamental and edible lily as research subjects， 29 indicators were measured， including bulb morphological characteristics (10 items)， basic nutritional components (8 items)， bioactive substances (8 items)， and mineral elements (3 items). Multidimensional statistical analysis revealed the following: 1) At the morphological level， except for L. davidii， the scale shape index of the other three lilies remained stable across different origins within the same species (P>0.05)， indicating intraspecific morphological stability. In terms of quality， contents of crude fat， soluble sugar， neutral detergent fiber， and polysaccharides differed significantly across edible lily species (P<0.05)， serving as species specific quality traits with intraspecific stability. Other indicators exhibited significant differences both between species and among different origins within the same species (P<0.05)， reflecting the combined effects of genetic characteristics and cultivation environment. 2) Correlation analysis showed that， except for scale width and thickness， all other morphological indicators had significant positive correlations (P<0.01). Quality indicators formed a complex correlation network， with correlation coefficients |r| ranging from 0.35 to 0.99， of which 15.20% had |r| > 0.65. Among all indicators， the contents of total flavonoids and zinc had the lowest correlation coefficients with other indicators (|r| < 0.46). 3) Principal component analysis extracted five principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 85.346%. Combined with correlation coefficients， 10 characteristic quality indicators were selected: Bulb weight， scale shape index， bulb shape index， neutral detergent fiber content， soluble sugar content， starch content， reginosin-H content， polysaccharides content， total flavonoids content， and zinc content. The results provided critical parameters and a theoretical basis for constructing a standardized quality evaluation system for edible lilies.