With the increase of global aging population， the health problems related to bone metabolism among middle-aged and elderly people have become increasingly prominent， and the study of bone metabolism has gradually become one of the hot topics in the field of life science and nutrition. The purpose of this paper was to systematically explore the regulatory effect of protein on bone metabolism， analyze its potential mechanism from three aspects， plant protein， animal protein and dual-protein， and put forward the recommended intake and dietary suggestions around protein for people with unbalanced bone metabolism. Finally， to provide scientific basis for the application of nutrition intervention strategy in the prevention and management of bone metabolism diseases in protein.