Abstract:Gut microbiota is closely related to body health. Dietary factors with a wide range of sources and complex components， as the main factors affecting gut microbiota， can play a regulatory role in gut microbiota through a variety of mechanisms. Therefore， it is of great significance to use different dietary components to achieve targeted regulation of gut microbiota. This paper summarized the regulatory effects of various dietary factors on gut microbiota， introduced the research process and important research results of Microbiota-Directed Food （MDF）， and prospected the food programs of targeted gut microbiota regulation.

Abstract:The mechanism of the interaction bighead carp myosin binding characteristic fishy odor compounds was illustrated by establishing a system of myosin-fishy odor compounds. The interaction of myosin with fishy odor compounds were explored by HS-GC-MS， molecular simulation， DSC， Raman spectroscopy， etc. The results showed that the binding ability of myosin with six fishy odor compounds increased significantly with the increase of carbon chain length and unsaturation degree. In addition， the binding ability of 1-octen-3-ol was significantly lower than that of aldehydes. The existence of odor compounds unfolded the molecular structure of myosin and caused the transformation of α-helix to β-sheet and β-turn. Meanwhile， the surface hydrophobicity of myosin， total sulfhydryl groups and active sulfhydryl group increased， while the absolute value of Zeta potential and thermal stability of myosin decreased. Moreover， the effect of aldehydes on the structure of myosin was significantly higher than that of alcohols. The interaction forces between selected fishy substances and myosin were mainly hydrophobic interaction， hydrogen bonding and covalent bonding.

Abstract:In this paper， the interaction between five polyphenols and corn starch was studied. The effects of polyphenols on the basic properties of corn starch particle size， iodine binding capacity and pH value were studied. The influence of properties such as the thermodynamics， microstructure and X-ray diffraction of polyphenols on corn starch in the process of retrogradation were analyzed. The results showed that the five polyphenols reduced the iodine binding capacity and pH value of the corn starch solution and increased the particle size of the corn starch. It can be seen from the thermodynamic properties that the five polyphenols reduce the thermal stability of starch and inhibit the retrogradation of corn starch. Among them， the addition of 5% tannic acid reduces the retrogradation ratio by 29.75%， which is the largest. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） showed that a looser matrix could be caused in the dried polyphenol-starch mixture gel， while X- ray diffraction data show that the relative diffraction intensity of starch-polyphenol complex is lower than that of retrogradation starch. This indicates that polyphenol has a tendency to prevent starch retrogradation in the interaction with starch. 5 polyphenols may combine with starch through noncovalent interactions such as hydrogen bond or hydrophobic effect.

Abstract:Different molecular weights of ε-PL have different antibacterial activities， but the mechanism that causes this difference is not clear. In this study， Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus was selected as the research object. From the aspects of antibacterial activity， metabolic level， and cell wall， scanning electron microscope （SEM）， microplate reader， gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） and other instruments analyzed the difference in bacteriostatic activity caused by different molecular weight ε-PL， and explored the mechanism of different molecular weight ε-PL on S. aureus. The experiment results showed that compared with the low-molecular-weight（<1 ku） ε-PL treatment group， the high-molecular-weight ε-PL（1-3 ku and >3 ku） makes the surface of the cells sag and shrink to different degrees. The metabolomics method was used to study the differences in the metabolic levels of S. aureus after the action of different molecular weight ε-PL. The results showed that high molecular weight （1-3 ku and > 3 ku） ε-PL and the initial ε-PL inhibited the glycolytic pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle much more than the low molecular weight （<1 ku） ε-PL. It has been verified that the bacteriostatic effects to S. aureus with different molecular weight ε-PL are different， which provides theoretical support for the use of preservatives in actual food processing and production processes.

Abstract:To analyze the antioxidant properties of Lactobacillus and its relationship with katA gene. Six strains of Lactobacillus from naturally fermented meat products were selected as the research objects， and were evaluated by 1，1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazol （DPPH）， hydroxyl （·OH）， superoxide anion （O2-·） free radical scavenging rate， H2O2 tolerance and katA gene expression. The results showed that the main active substances for scavenging ·OH radicals were cell and intracellular substances， while scavenging DPPH and O2-· radicals were mainly metabolites of lactic acid bacteria. The scavenging ability of TR1-1-3 on the three kinds of free radicals was relatively strong， while the scavenging rate of ·OH and O2-· of strain X31 was the lowest and the difference was significant （P<0.05） compared with TR1-1-3. In addition to strain X31， other experimental strains had a certain tolerance to H2O2 in the range of 0-1.0 mmol/L H2O2 concentration， and the tolerance gradually increased with the extension of the culture time within 12-48 hours. The katA gene of strain X31 with low free radical clearance and H2O2 tolerance was negative by specific PCR， while all other strains were positive. This study found that lactic acid bacteria antioxidant capacity has strain specificity， through the apparent data of the scavenging rate of the free radicals of O2-·， ·OH， DPPH and the tolerance to H2O2 of the lactic acid bacteria， combined with the expression of katA gene， it can be used as the detection method for the determination of anti-oxidation lactic acid bacteria. The results can provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the development and application of high-quality strain resources.

Abstract:The anti-inflammatory profile of DPA was investigated through LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Inflammatory mediators （NO， PGE2） and cytokines （TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-6 and IL-10） were used to assess the anti-inflammatory ability of DPA. Moreover， the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect were also explored from the perspective of NF-κB signal pathway. The results showed that DPA could significantly inhibit the excess production of NO and PGE2 by suppressing the protein expression of iNOS and COX-2. Besides， DPA also inhibited the abnormal production and mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines， namely TNF-α， IL-1β and IL-6 and promoted the production and mRNA expression of anti-inflammation cytokine， IL-10. Furthermore， the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB was significantly inhibited by DPA （stronger than EPA and DHA）. Thus， the entry of p50/p65 into nucleus to bind to the inflammatory gene site and the resulting inflammation were suppressed.

Abstract:Bifidobacterium longum is a dominant strain colonized in the human intestine and is closely related to human intestinal health. Adhesion is a prerequisite for colonization of Bifidobacterium longum in the intestine， so it is particularly important to study the adhesion mechanism of Bifidobacterium longum. bif is a type of extracellular adhesion factor， but its specific adhesion in the intestine has not been clarified. In this experiment， homologous recombination technology was used to construct bif adhesion knockout mutants to study the adhesion of bif gene. Firstly， the bif adhesion gene and PBR322 in the C16 gene of Bifidobacterium longum were used as templates to amplify the upstream and downstream homology arms and tet resistance genes of the bif adhesion gene， and then the upstream and downstream homology arms and tet of the bif adhesion gene， respectively. The resistance gene was ligated to pMD19-t simple vecter， and the intermediate vector pMD19-up， pMD19-down， pMD19-tet was double-digested， and the recovered fragment was ligated to PUC18 to form the knockout vector PUC18-up-tet-down. The host strain was introduced into the strain by electroporation， and the Bifidobacterium longum bif adhesion gene-deficient strain was obtained by homologous recombination screening. The results of colony PCR and sequencing showed that the construction of bif adhesion gene knockout strain was successful， which laid a foundation for further study on the adhesion of bifidobacteria bif gene.

Abstract:To investigate the feature of amino acids metabolism of human colonic microbes and the influence of their metabolites on the permeability of epithelial cells， in vitro batch fermentation of human gut microbiota was used. The media were based on general 20 amino acids with bovine serum albumin and NaCl as controls. The feces specimen was collected from 27 healthy people aged 20 to 55 years old. The short-chain fatty acids （SCFA） in the broths of 24 h fermentation were detected by gas chromatography. The effects of the amino acids-derived SCFA on the transmembrane resistance of Caco-2 cells was determined. The production of isovaleric acid in the medium containing leucine（Leu） and isoleucine （Ile） was significantly higher than that of the control group （P<0.01）. After fermentation of the medium containing valine （Val）， the level of isobutyric acid was significantly increased （P<0.01）. In the medium containing proline （Pro）， the production of valeric acid was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The results of the cell line showed that valeric acid can significantly increase the transmembrane resistance of Caco-2 cells （P<0.01）， while isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid can significantly reduce the transmembrane resistance. As a conclusion， isovaleric acid in the colon content is formed by the degradation of Leu and Ile； isobutyric acid is formed by the metabolism of Val； valeric acid is mainly formed by the metabolism of Pro. Valeric acid can significantly enhance the intestinal mucosal barrier function.

Abstract:To study effects of heat treatment on the in vitro digestion characteristics of tuna meat and the antioxidant activity of the digests， unheated and heated tuna meat were simulated for gastrointestinal digestion， and the digestibility， molecular weight distribution， antioxidant activity and the degree of hydrolysis （DH） of the digests were analyzed. In addition， the solubility of tuna meat in different solvents before and after heat treatment and its pattern in SDS-PAGE were analyzed to clarify the mechanism of the effects of heat treatment on the digestion characteristics， antioxidant activity and structure of tuna meat at the molecular level. Results showed that after heat treatment， the digestibility of tuna meat was 21.72% lower than control group and DH were significantly lower than that of the control group （P＜0.05）. During the digestion process， the content of peptides with molecular mass less than 1 ku increased gradually with the extension of digestion time. The maximum value was obtained after 4 h， but the content of the heat-treated group was significantly lower than that of the control group （P＜0.05）. At the same time， the antioxidant activity of the digests in heat treatment group was lower than that of the control group at different time， and the scavenging ability of ABTS free radical after 4 h digestion was 931.56 μmol TE/g and 1 028.90 μmol TE/g， respectively， indicating that heat treatment is not conducive to the digestion of tuna meat and releasing small molecule antioxidant peptides. The solubility of tuna meat in different solvent was significantly lower than that of the control group（P＜0.05）， indicating that new covalent bonds were formed during the heat treatment process of tuna meat. In addition， the degradation of protein subunits was observed in SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The results showed that heat treatment caused thermal denaturation and degradation of tuna meat protein， and new covalent bonds were formed， which changed the structure of protein and thus reduced its digestion efficiency and the release of small molecule peptides with antioxidant activities.

Abstract:Biofilm is a self-protection mechanism produced by microorganisms when exposed to adverse external environment. Most researches focus on pathogenic bacteria and harmful bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria， as important microorganisms in the food industry and human intestinal tract， can better exert their probiotic effects if they are grown in a biofilm state. Extracellular polysaccharides （EPS） are metabolites secreted during the growth of lactic acid bacteria and are the main components of biofilms. The more secreted EPS from lactic acid bacteria， the stronger its ability to produce biofilms. In this study， 41 strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated in the early stage of the research group， and 10 excellent strains were screened and identified using the high-yield biofilm as an index. Taking a strain of Pediococcus lactis RJ2-1-4 as the research object， the effects of changing the composition of the medium on the amount of EPS were discussed. The optimal medium combination for EPS production by Pediococcus lactis RJ2-1-4 is： 20 g/L glucose， 20 g/L soy peptone， and 8 g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate. At this time， the EPS yield reaches the maximum value was （427.83±18.40） mg/L.

Abstract:In order to understand the health function of Qingzhuan Maocha， and investigate the influence on gut microbiota intestinal microorganisms in high-fat diet fed mice. In this study， the main physiological and biochemical indexes of high-fat diet fed mice treated by Qingzhuan Maocha were compared and analyzed， and the structure and composition of gut microbiota were analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that Qingzhuan Maocha could significantly reduce the increase of body weight， mesenteric adipose tissue weight， liver weight and the main serum lipids （total cholesterol， triglyceride， high density lipoprotein-cholesterol， low density lipoprotein-cholesterol， alanine aminotransferase， aspartate aminotransferase） levels in high-fat diet fed mice. Meanwhile， Qingzhuan Maocha effectively alleviated liver enlargement， reduced the increase in the volume and number of fat vacuoles in the liver. Qingzhuan Maocha can regulate the gut microbiota disorder induced by high-fat diet， and has the similar composition of healthy gut microbiota with the low-fat diet. A total of 46 key differentially OTU were found that the OTU changed significantly after the high-fat diet， but was adjusted back by Qingzhuan Maocha. Among them， 39 OTU showed significant positive or negative correlation with at least one of the main physiological and biochemical indexes. Qingzhuan Maocha may alleviate metabolic syndrome induced by high-fat diet by adjusting the ratio of Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes and the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae， Coriobacteriaceae， Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcacea.

Abstract:In this experiment， C57BL/6 male mice were used to study the effects of grape polyphenol complex on blood lipid reduction based on the changes in body weight and blood lipids in the condition of high-fat diet. The 16S RNA analysis was used to explore the gut microbiota. It was found that grape pomace polyphenols extracts （GPE） and grape seed polyphenols extracts （GSE） could significantly inhibit the weight gain of high-fat diet C57BL/6J mice. GPE gavage for 8 weeks could significantly reduce LDL-c level， while GSE could significantly reduce TG， TC， LDL-c levels. Thus， GPE and GSE could improve lipid disorders in high-fat diet mice and showed a certain effect of lowering blood lipid. Therefore， the intake of GPE and GSE is important for the prevention of hyperlipidemia. Besides， in this experiment， gut microbiota sequencing was used to explain the functional mechanism of grape polyphenol complex， and the effects of intestinal microbes and polyphenols on blood lipids were analyzed. It was found that the gut microbiota affected lipid metabolism and participated in the adjustment of GPE and GSE on blood lipids levels.

Abstract:In this study， Balb/c mice were exposed to benzopyrene at different doses of 12.5， 62.5， 125， and 250 mg/kg bw to study its dose-response relationship in physiological damage and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The body weight， serum biochemical indicators and oxidative stress indicators of different organs were measured. The results showed that the body weight increased significantly at the dose of 62.5 mg/kg， while decreased sharply at dose of 250 mg/kg. In addition， AST and ALT levels increased gradually with a dose-dependent effect. HDL-C， LDL-C， TC， TG， ALP， and TP levels were significantly decreased only in the 250 mg/kg dose group. Moreover， a dramatic increase in SOD was found only in the livers of mice in the 250 mg/kg dose group， while there was no difference in MDA levels in liver， lung， and colon in all groups. Furthermore， the diversity and species composition of gut microbiota were analyzed in the control group and the 250 mg/kg benzopyrene dose group. The results showed that the abundance of S24-7， Clostridiales， Ruminococcus and Rikenellaceae were decreased strikingly， while the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae， Lactobacillus， Pseudomonas， and Allobaculum were elevated significantly after benzopyrene exposure at dose of 250 mg/kg. In conclusion， gut microbiota dysbiosis maybe one of the ways that benzopyrene causes physiological damage， which provides an important reference for studying the dose-response relationship of benzopyrene and its damage mechanisms.

Abstract:Objective： The effects of rice paste and biscuit rich in Chinese medicine homologous food extract （rice paste rich in Poria cocos-yam extract， and biscuit rich in Hericium erinaceus extract） on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats was investigated in this study. Methods： Acute gastric mucosal injury model was established by orally administering absolute ethanol to rats. Rats were randomly divided into normal group， model group， positive group， three Poria cocos-yam extract treatment groups （low， medium， high dose）， three rice paste treatment groups （low， medium， high dose）， three Hericium erinaceus extract treatment groups （low， medium， high dose）， and three biscuit treatment groups （low， medium， high dose）. On this basis， the effects of four test substances on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats were further explored （observation of rat growth and gastric mucosal injury）. Results： Compared with the normal group， the model group showed obvious bleeding bands， a large number of bleeding locations， gastric mucosal glandular structure disorder， epithelial cell shedding and severe congestion， and significantly increased gastric mucosal injury index. Compared with the model group， the gastric bleeding bands and bleeding locations of rats in each dose group of the four kinds of treatment were significantly reduced. In addition， the gastric mucosal damage for rats was also significantly reduced. Conclusion： The four kinds of treatment have better preventive effects on ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal injury in rats. Meanwhile， the effect of Poria cocos-yam extract and the rice paste in each dose was better than Hericium erinaceus extract and the biscuit. The results in this study can provide data support for the development of health products for improving gastrointestinal function.

Abstract:The effects of mung bean seed-coat on glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic mice by establishing a high-fat feeding combined with streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model was investigated. The results showed that， compared with the diabetic mice in the model group， a high-fat diet supplemented with mung bean seed-coat （6%） for 8 weeks could significantly reduced the blood glucose， blood lipid and glycated serum protein levels of mice in the intervention group （P<0.05）. Moreover， the insulin secretion levels and glucose tolerance were significantly increased and improved by mung bean seed-coat supplementation（P<0.05）， respectively. In addition， the hepatic and pancreatic histopathological observations showed that mung bean seed-coat supplementation could effectively relieve liver and pancreatic tissue damage and increase the number of islets β cells. The significant improvement effects of mung bean seed-coat on diabetic mice are of great practical significance for expanding its application and the development of auxiliary foods for reducing blood sugar.

Abstract:Objective： Lard oil （LO） and soybean oil （SO） were compared to evaluate the effects of a functional blend oil（BO） on the blood pressure， tissue lipids and redox state in rats at different energy levels. Methods： Ninety male Wistar rats were divided into three groups and fed for 12 weeks with LO， SO and BO. Each group was divided into low， middle and high fat groups and fed with oil supply ratios of 6.7%， 10.9% and 48.1%， and the blood pressure index， tissue lipids index and redox index were detected. Results： Under high-fat diets， BO could significantly reduce rats body weight， fat weight， and body fat ratio； significantly increase plasma， liver， and adipose tissue ALA / LA ratios， reduce plasma TG levels， and keep rats more stable. Systolic， diastolic and mean pressure. In addition， BO can significantly increase T-AOC and GSH-PX activity in rats' plasma and heart， reduce ROS and MDA levels. Conclusion： Functional blend oil has the effect of reducing the body fat ratio and improving blood lipid and blood pressure in obese rats， and the mechanism may be related to its content of ALA / LA and a variety of lipid functional components.

Abstract:In the present study， the effect of Antarctic krill oil on the bioavailability of the natural astaxanthin extract from green alga （Haematococcus pluvialis） was evaluated using male Wistar rats as model animals， which were randomly divided into the control group， astaxanthin group， krill oil + astaxanthin group and fish oil + astaxanthin group. The experimental group rats were intragastrically administered with the corresponding fat emulsion while the control group rats were given the bile salts solution. The gavage doses were converted according to the daily intake of 2 g krill oil or 2 g fish oil per day and 12 mg astaxanthin per day for adults. The astaxanthin levels in intestinal contents， intestinal villus and serum of rats at different time points after gavage were detected and the bioavailability was evaluated using the serum AUC0-t value. The results showed that the astaxanthin levels in intestinal contents， intestinal villus and serum of rats from krill oil + astaxanthin group and fish oil + astaxanthin group were significantly higher when compared with the astaxanthin group（P＜0.05）. The peak value of the astaxanthin level in the serum of rats from krill oil + astaxanthin group was （15.8±2.09） μg/L， which was 4.02 times （P＜0.05） of that in the fish oil + astaxanthin group [（3.94±0.27） μg/L]， and 8.37 times （P＜0.05） of that in the astaxanthin group [（1.89±0.26） μg/L]. More importantly， the AUC0-t value of rats from krill oil + astaxanthin group was （108.4±2.34） μg·h/L， which was 4.63 times （P＜0.05） of that in the fish oil + astaxanthin group [（23.4±0.46） μg·h/L]， and 7.55 times （P＜0.05） of that in the astaxanthin group [（14.4±0.21） μgo·/L]. Antarctic krill oil could significantly ameliorate the bioavailability of the natural astaxanthin in rats and the effect is better than that of fish oil. This study would provide scientific guidance and theoretical support for the development of new Antarctic krill oil derivatives.

Abstract:The aim of the study was to analyze the bacteria composition of the traditional fermented cheese-milk knot in Xinjiang and the effect of the fermented probiotics on the physiological function and gene expression associated with senescence of Caenorhabditis elegans to explore the mechanism of its anti-aging effect. High throughput sequencing method and biostatistics method were used to analyze the composition and regulation information and the results showed that the dominant bacterial groups were mainly Lactobacillus， Pseudomonas， Streptococcus， Lactococcus and Lactobacillus is the dominant bacterium in the other four samples except RS1.1 samples. Lactobacillus rhamnosus R4， an acid-resistant and bile tolerant probiotic with life-extending effect， was isolated. Transcriptome sequencing showed that L. rhamnosus R4 stimulated the key enzyme coding genes in the insulin signaling pathway. L. rhamnosus R4 significantly increased the transcription levels of sod-3， hsp-16.2， ctl-1， and daf-16， while the expression levels of daf-2 and sir-2.1 were significantly down-regulated， suggesting that their effects on longevity of nematodes depend on insulin signaling pathway.

Abstract:Perilla frutescens seeds are rich in proteins and their amino acid composition is comprehensive， so， the active peptides of Perilla frutescens seeds have great development and utilization value. In this work， the Perilla frutescens seed peptides were prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis and the obtained peptides was set as low， middle and high doses. After oral administration of Perilla frutescens seed peptides for 28 days， the weight loading swimming time of male mice was investigated， and muscle/liver glycogen， blood lactic acid （BLA）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） were further analyzed. The results show that compared with the control group， the swimming time in low， medium and high dose groups increased by 10.61%， 22.76% and 56.14%， respectively. Perilla frutescens seed peptides significantly （P<0.05） increased the levels of muscle/liver glycogen accumulation， improved serum LDH vitality， and accelerated the catabolism of BLA and BUN. Therefore， Perilla frutescens seed peptides exhibited excellent anti-fatigue activity.

Abstract:Using natural taurine as experimental material， the intervention effect of taurine on two acute depression animal models by establishing two acute depression animal models. ICR mice were used as experimental animals. Low taurine （0.5 g/kg bw）， medium taurine （1 g/kg bw） and high taurine （2 g/kg bw） dose groups were set. At the same time， solvent control group， model control group and positive （fluoxetine） control group were set. The intervention effect of natural taurine on behavioral despair mice was investigated by establishing behavioral despair animal model. The intervention mechanism of taurine on reserpine induced acute depression was analyzed through behavioral， biochemical indexes in serum and brain tissue. The results showed that taurine medium and high dose groups could significantly improve the depression-like behavior of behavioral despair mice. And ease of the mice induced by reserpine drooping eyelids， and higher depression in mice brain serotonin， norepinephrine and dopamine levels， reduce the monoamine oxidase activity， higher content of brain derived neurotrophic factor， reduce corticotrophin releasing factor， adrenocorticotropic hormone， cortisol levels， improve related biochemical indicators. It is showed that taurine can interfere with depression in both behavioral depression model and reserpine induced depression model， and the mechanism may be related to the increase of monoamine neurotransmitters and the regulation of adrenal dysfunction.

Abstract:In order to meet the requirements of pasteurization and sterilization， the conduction heating of liquid food with steam as the heat source usually exist serious heat loss and fouling of the pipeline， which can be solved by microwaves with its dielectric heating properties. In this study， the numerical analysis of the electric field distribution in a novel continuous-flow microwave heating equipment was performed by a coupled multi-physics simulation model， and the effects of operating parameters such as volume flow， input power and microwave frequency on the thermal response were investigated. The accuracy and validity of the simulation model was confirmed by comparing the average outlet temperature in both calculated and experimental results. The results show that the heat absorption of fluid is closely related to the electric field distribution in the resonant cavity， which directly determines the temperature distribution during the heating process， and the region with high field strength is conducive to increasing the fluid heating rate. In addition， the rapid heating region can improve the heating effect of other areas inside the pipeline by means of fluid heat transfer. The changes in volume flow and input power indirectly affect the contribution of dielectric heating and fluid heat transfer to the thermal response， and the microwave frequency also can directly affect the heating effect. The simulation model can comprehensively consider the multiple factors and predict the heating effect， which is helpful to analyze the electromagnetic thermal response of the fluid and promote the microwave replacement of the liquid food thermal processing.

Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively evaluate the indicators of tomato peeling and optimize the technological parameters of infrared radiation， and to explore the feasibility of tomato peeling by infrared radiation heating. This experiment was designed using the Box-Behnken response surface theory. The effects of radiation distance （60-80 mm）， time （120-240 s） and power （400-500 W） on the quantitative index of tomato peelability were studied. The parameters of infrared peeling of tomato were optimized by response surface method （RSM）. The parameters of the best independent variables for the evaluation of tomato peeling performance were obtained： radiation distance 70.12 mm， time 200.4 s， power 464.7 W， corresponding peeling rate 96.19%， peeling loss 4.022×10-5 g/mm2， and surface temperature 104.06 ℃. The optimization results were repeated for 3 times， and the error between the experimental results and the model optimization results was within ±5%， which was in good agreement with the model. The study comprehensively analyzed the feasibility of tomato infrared radiation peeling scheme， verified the reliability of the model， provided an environmentally friendly and less polluting method for the peeling link of tomato production in the factory， and further provided a technical reference for high-quality tomato peeling.

Abstract:Black rice anthocyanin has good antioxidant activity， but its high water solubility limits its application in oil system. In order to improve the anti-oxidation performance of ordinary black rice anthocyanins， immobilized phosphotungsten heteropoly acid based on SBA-15 was prepared. The immobilized phosphotungsten heteropoly acid was used as catalyst in the esterification of black rice anthocyanins to obtain oil-soluble black rice anthocyanins. In this paper， X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to verify that phosphotungstic heteropoly acid could be successfully immobilized in SBA-15 channel. The esterification rate was taken as the inspection index， the relationship between the ratio of black rice anthocyanin to acetic anhydride， the amount of heteropoly acid catalyst， the temperature and time of esterification were studied. At the same time， the molecular structure of anthocyanins from black rice was preliminarily characterized analysis and the antioxidant properties of oils were discussed. The results showed that under the conditions of 1 ∶ 2 reactant ratio， 2.5% catalyst dosage， 95.0 ℃ reaction temperature and 4.5 h reaction time， the esterification rate was about 93% and the recovery rate was over 80%. After esterification， the liposolubility of black rice anthocyanins was significantly improved， and the characteristic absorption peaks of C=O bond and ester group appeared. This indicated that the addition of new ester functional groups improved the lipophilicity of black rice anthocyanins， thus significantly improving the anti-lipid oxidation effect of black rice anthocyanins. The long-term antioxidant activity of oil-soluble black rice anthocyanins in primary soybean oil was preliminarily studied. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of oil-soluble black rice anthocyanins was higher than that of ordinary black rice anthocyanins and VE， and lower than TBHQ at the same addition amount.

Abstract:Objective： Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8（B. lactis Probio-M8） is a beneficial strain with excellent probiotic properties. This test is based on the spray-freeze-drying process. The aim is to investigate the effect of process conditions on the quality of B. lactis Probio-M8 microcapsules and its characteristics after drying. Methods： To prepare Bifidobacterium microcapsules， the single factor and Box-Behnken response surface tests were used to optimize the optimal process conditions. The microcapsule morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Gas chromatographic analysis was used to analyze the changes in the fatty acid composition of the bacterial cell membrane before and after drying. The tolerance of microcapsules was verified by simulating human gastrointestinal fluid， and its stability was explored. Results： When the drying temperature was 40 ℃， the peristaltic speed was 15 mL/min， and the nozzle diameter was 1.5 mm， the survival rate was 73.21%， and the microcapsule particle form was relatively complete. After drying， the unsaturated fatty acid content increased significantly by 10.53% （P<0.05）， maintaining the fluidity of the cell membrane. In the simulated human gastrointestinal fluid tolerance test， the average survival rate of B. lactis M8 in the capsule can reach 81.99%， which has good gastrointestinal fluid tolerance characteristics. Conclusion： By exploring the technology of spray-freeze-drying to prepare microcapsules， the preliminary determination of its optimal process conditions and its impact on the quality of microcapsules has opened up a new high-quality and rapid production of Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 microcapsules on an industrial scale prospect.

Abstract:Objective： To investigate the quality control mechanism of glutinous rice flour during dynamic change of water in the process of semi-dry method. Method： Changes in apparent cracks image of grain surface and volume were evaluated. The damaged starch content， microscopic structure， hydration properties and pasting properties of glutinous rice flour with different hot air treatment time， soaking time and drying time were determined. Then hardness of glutinous rice grain and water changes trend during process were analyzed. Results： The longer the hot air pretreatment time， the more obvious the apparent crack of glutinous rice. The hardness of glutinous rice grain decreased during hot air treatment and soaking. Glutinous rice flour prepared by hot air treatment for 60 min， soaking for 35 min and drying for 30 min has high integrity of starch granules， good hydration properties and pasting properties. Glutinous rice （flour） contains most tightly bound water. Tightly bound water was lost during hot air and drying treatment while weakly bound water and free water content increased. The mobility of water increased during soaking and part of weakly bound water and free water transfer into tightly bound water. Conclusion： The "out-in-out" of water in rice grains and the dynamic transformation of different kinds of water in this process are the mechanism to reduce the hardness of rice grains and thus protect the integrity of starch granules， and finally obtain the glutinous rice flour with excellent quality.

Abstract:Acid （citric acid）， alkaline （sodium hydroxide） and enzymatic （endo-galacturonase） methods were applied in present study to extract pectic polysaccharide from potato pulp. The effects of the three extract methods on the yield， monosaccharide composition， esterification degree， molar mass and chain morphology of potato pulp pectic polysaccharides were evaluated. Results indicated that three potato pulp pectic polysaccharides were all rich in rhamnogalacturonan-I （RG-I） structure with large amount of galactan side chain. The highest yield was obtained by alkaline extracted pectic polysaccharide （23.1%）， followed by the acid extracted （11.7%） and the enzymatic extracted （6.0%）. All the three had very low degree of methylation （DM） （0 to 7.5%）， while the degree of acetylation （DA） were all relatively higher than traditional citrus pectin. DA for potato pulp pectic polysaccharides extracted by acid and enzymatic methods were higher （respectively as 13.6% and 10.7%） than that in the alkaline extracted （6.6%）. The highest molecular weight was observed in pectic polysaccharide extracted by enzymatic method （1 706.3 ku） with the narrowest distribution. Mark-Howink-Sakurada equation obtained by laser scattering method determined that potato pulp pectic polysaccharide extracted by enzyme had a high degree of branching， and the chain morphology was the most concentrated and closest to the spherical conformation. The morphology of pectic polysaccharide extracted by acid was between sphere and coil， while the morphology of the alkaline extracted was relatively loose and showed as a conformation of random coil.

Abstract:This study aimed at the market vacancy of wheat Lactobacillus fermented dough and the application of Lactobacillus paracasei in food industry. Using high gluten wheat flour， Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 and N3117 as raw materials， the viscosity， rheological properties and flavor substances of wheat dough were determined by Mixolab mixing experiment， rotational rheometer frequency scanning experiment and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. The results showed that the dough viscosity of wheat flour fermented with N1115 and N3117 mixed yeast was in the normal range， the farinograph tended to be stable， the gluten strength increased， and the processing characteristics were excellent. When N1115 and N3117 were added to wheat dough， the storage modulus G' and loss modulus G'' decreased， the weakening degree of gluten protein increased， and the rheological properties of dough decreased slightly. Through the GC-MS test， 28 flavor substances were detected in the wheat fermented dough mixed with N1115 and yeast， and 63 flavor substances were detected in the wheat fermented dough mixed with N3117 and yeast， and the content of ester in the dough was greatly increased， the flavor of the dough was more rich.

Abstract:Grape seed proanthocyanidins （GSP） were added to potato steamed bread in different proportions. The digestible properties of starch in potato steamed bread were studied by in vitro simulated digestion. Rapid viscosity analysis， X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to explore the mechanism of GSP inhibiting starch digestion properties in potato steamed bread. Results showed that GSP could significantly reduce the content of rapidly digestible starch and increase the content of slowly digestible starch and resistant starch. FTIR and XRD showed that GSP might bind with starch in potato steamed bread by non-covalent forces such as hydrogen bonding. In addition， GSP significantly increased the viscosity of potato steamed bread powder， which may promote the stability of steamed bread's structure. GSP is a potential functional additive that could be used to reduce the digestibility of starch in potato steamed bread.

Abstract:The quick-frozen black sesame Tang-yuan used as the experimental materials. The effect law on the quality of quick-frozen black sesame Tang-yuan under different frozen storage temperatures （-5， -15， -25 ℃） and different frozen storage time （30， 60， 90， 120 d） were studied， key factor of influence quality changes were identified and establishment of quality loss rate prediction model. Beside the acid value， peroxide value， rate of water loss， brightness， texture properties， simultaneous sensory evaluation and verification model of quick-frozen black sesame tang-yuan were measured and analysed. The results showed that the acid values， peroxide value， rate of water loss， hardness and chewiness value under frozen conditions was increased， but brightness， springiness and sensory scores decreased. Correlation analysis showed that the Pearson correlation coefficient between the sensory and physical and chemical indicators of the Tang-yuan was greater than 0.9. There was a significant negative correlation between the acid value and sensory score under different storage conditions（P<0.01）. The average correlation coefficient of other indicators was lower than the physical and chemical indicators. The key factor of the acid value in prediction model of quality loss rate of quick-frozen black sesame Tang-yuan. Kinetic model analyses were proposed that first-order reaction kinetics to describe quality determined change. Arrhenius equation was used to predict the quality loss rate model of Tang-yuan. The activation energy （EA） and rate constant（k0） of acid value was 41 606.58 kJ/mol and 693 842.31. At the temperature of -5， -15， -25 ℃ to verify the predictive modeling， the relative error between the predicted by the model and the actual value was within ± 10%. Therefore， this model can be used to predict the quality loss rate of black sesame Tang-yuan at different storage conditions.

Abstract:Biogenic amines are a group of low molecular weight organic compounds with biological activity and nitrogen content. Trace biogenic amines are beneficial to human health. Excessive intake of biogenic amines will lead to toxic reactions and poisoning. This paper explored that the inhibitory effects of ε-polylysine hydrochloride， thymol and their combination on the main biogenic amines in illexargentinusat， providing theoretical basis for biogenic amines control in illexargentinusat. The compound preservative （0.025% ε-polylysine hydrochloride + 0.025% thymol） could effectively control biogenic amines in illexargentinusat， which was better than 0.05% ε-polylysine hydrochloride and 0.05% thymol. During the whole storage period， the compound preservative could reduce biogenic amines by more than 40%-60% compared with the control group. At the same time， it could also effectively reduce TBA and TVC， slow down the color change of squid muscle， delay the decline of sensory quality and the rise of pH value， and prolong the shelf life of illexargentinusat.

Abstract:In order to investigate the freshness changes of Trachypenaeus curvirostris during storage at different temperatures and to monitor the shelf-life of logistics in real time， Trachypenaeus curvirostris were stored at -30， -18， 0 ℃ and 4 ℃ to determine their K value， volatile basic nitrogen （TVB-N） value and total number of colonies （TVC）， and the shelf-life prediction model was studied. The results showed that with the decrease of storage temperature， the decline rate of shrimp's freshness index also slowed down， the shelf-life was extended， and different temperature groups had a greater impact on the freshness index of shrimps. The kinetic model of storage temperature， storage time and K value， TVB-N value and total number of colonies constructed by using Arrhenius equation and combined with food TTT theory， shows that the fitting degree of each freshness index is good， and R2 > 0.9， the variable shelf-life prediction model of eagle claw shrimp has a higher accuracy rate for shelf-life prediction， and the absolute value of the relative error between the predicted value and the measured value does not exceed 5%. Therefore， the dynamic model based on the freshness index can be used to predict the shelf-life of the cold-chain logistics of Trachypenaeus curvirostris.

Abstract:Aquatic products as a kind of popular food， especially at the coastal areas， are very common in the life of people. Because there are a variety of heavy metals contained in the aquatic products， if there are a large number of consumptions of that kind of food， it is easy to cause adverse effects on the human body with a lot of heavy mental gathering in vivo. Therefore， to assess the consequence which was taken by the food with heavy mental inside have burned the eyebrow. And this paper majored in evaluating the intake and risk probability of heavy metals which are mainly from aquatic products for the people who settle down the coastal area by using crystal ball software. The results showed that， in different age groups， the risk entropy of aquatic product intake with the same heavy metal gradually decreased with age； by the contrast， for the people who are in the same age stage， the risk of heavy metal intake was proportional to the percentile value. In addition， for the various of heavy mental and the different crowd of all ages， the effects which the former put on the latter will present some differences here. The final results indicated that there is the lower risk of consuming chromium in aquatic products for the people of all ages， and the value which obtained from the results is less than 1. But for the children， there is the higher risk for the intake of mercury， chromium， lead and arsenic which the value is more than 1. Moreover， a series of elaborate analysis for the results are required in the rear of this article. After that， we found that the results we obtained have been verified and are basically consistent with the model， which indicates that the model has certain credibility.

Abstract:As an important part of human diet， edible vegetable oil is particularly important to ensure its safety. The four key control points are identified as raw material acceptance， alkali refining， decolorization， and deodorization in vegetable oil processing. Simulation production data is generated through a random function of normal distribution， and the edible vegetable oil hazard factors （such as heavy metals， mycotoxins， and pesticides） are selected at the four key control points. Residual and quality factor （complete kernel rate， damaged kernel rate， etc.） data were used to evaluate the risk of vegetable oil quality and safety. The relative risk value， risk index and comprehensive risk index of the four key links of vegetable oil processing were calculated to establish a scientific food safety risk assessment algorithm. The research shows that an early warning coefficient of 0.95 in the processing of edible vegetable oil is more appropriate， and then the risk assessment and early warning of raw materials acceptance， alkali refining， decolorization， and deodorization are carried out respectively， so as to provide reasonable suggestions for ensuring the safety of edible vegetable oil processing.

Abstract:Three derivatizing agents （2-aminobenzoic acid， 2-aminobenzamide and 2-aminoacridone） were compared and 2-aminobenzoic acid was selected as the optimal derivatizing agent. Based on that， an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to quantitatively detect the contents of 6 human milk oligosaccharides （HMOs） in human milk. After degreasing， deproteinizing， and derivatizing 2-aminobenzoic acid of the sample， the samples were separated on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH Amide column， and the content of HMOs was quantitatively determined by multi-reactive ion monitoring （MRM） mode. Methodological verification results show that the linear relationship of each HMO is favorable within the set concentration range， and the correlation coefficient is greater than 0.99. In the high， medium and low level fortification experiments， the recovery rate is between 83.2%-119.9%， the intra-day precision is between 1.0%-7.9%， and the inter-day precision is between 4.5%-7.4%. The limitation of quantitation （LOQ） of 2'-fucosyllactose， 3'-fucosyllactose is 1.5 mg/L， and the LOQ of 3'-sialyllactose， 6'-sialyllactose， lacto-N-fucopentaose-I is 5.0 mg/L， lacto-N-fucopentaose-V has a LOQ of 4.5 mg/L， which indicate a good sensitivity. The precision and accuracy of the method are good， which meet the precise quantitative requirements of 6 HMOs in human milk.

Abstract:Biogenic amines （BAs） produced by the microbes in salted fish are harmful to humans. Therefore， the control of BAs in salted fish is an important issue in the field of food safety. In this study， BAs-producing strains were screened from salted fish products. Twenty-five BAs-producing strains was screened by the chromogenic medium and amino acid decarboxylase medium. Eight different genera of BAs-producing strains were identified， including Enterobacter sp.， Acinetobacter sp.， Aeromonas sp.， Morganella sp.， Obesumbacterium sp.， Shewanella sp.， Providencia sp. and Halomonas sp. Six strains with strong decarboxylation ability were selected to further evaluate the effects of salinity and pH on the growth of strains and their BAs-producing ability. This study provides information for reducing accumulation of BAs in salted fish products.

Abstract:In order to screen beneficial Staphylococci for meat products fermentation, 54 strains were selected from fermented meat products by streaking separation. Based on the salt tolerance of the strains and 16S DNA sequencing results, 8 strains of salt-tolerant Staphylococci were selected for plasma coagulase test. Six strains were identified as coagulase negative. The extracellular protease of coagulase negative Staphylococci were incubated with muscle protein for 20 h to analyze the degradation ability of muscle protein. The experimental results showed that 6 strains of staphylococcal extracellular protease had certain degradation ability to the protein strip at 250 ku of sarcoplasmic protein, but it didn't have obvious degradation effect on myofibrillar protein.

Abstract:To study the specific spoilage organism （SSO） of vacuum-packed ready-to-eat （RTE） abalone and its spoilage potential. According to the results of previous studies， the selective medium was used to isolate and purify SSO from RTE abalone. Identification of SSO in RTE abalone was done by 16S rDNA technology combined with bacterial biochemical identification methods. Inoculated specific spoilage bacteria into RTE abalones， compared them with natural spoilage abalones， analyzed the changes in the drip loss rate， TVB-N， pH value， total number of colonies， PPO and other physical， chemical and sensory indexes of RTE abalones， and discussed the spoilage causes of melanosis， drip loss， softening， rancidity， etc. The results showed that the SSO of the RTE abalone was Bacillus cereus. The spoilage characteristics of RTE abalone inoculated with Bacillus cereus were more obvious. The degradation rate of drip loss， TVB-N， pH value， total number of colonies， PPO and sensory index were far beyond the natural spoilage of abalone. This shows that the presence of Bacillus cereus will accelerate the deterioration of RTE abalone， and greatly shorten the storage time of RTE abalone. It is necessary to take appropriate sterilization measures against Bacillus cereus.

Abstract:The effect of refrigeration in 4 ℃ on bacterial communities and its succession within raw milk was studied by using high-throughput sequencing. During stored at 4 ℃ for 6 days， the microbial communities in the raw milk were characterized using the Illumina Miseq platform. The result showed that the microbial communities had been changed over time during storage. There were 29 OTUs obtained in each samples， and there were 157 unique OTUs at the beginning of refrigeration which were the largest number. The dominant bacteria in raw milk were Acinetobacter， Lactococcus， Flavobacterium， and Pseudomonas， and the abundance of each genus changed during the change of refrigeration time. Acinetobacter was the largest population at the early stage of storage， which was 81.69%. After fluctuation， it decreased to 37.02% at the end of storage. In the other hand， Lactococcus increased from 1.45% at the beginning to 53.34% at the end of refrigeration storage， and became the largest proportion. The results from this study will provide the basis statics for raw milk， and expected to aid in improving the quality and safety of raw milk.

Abstract:Organic acids are important metabolites participating in the biochemical metabolism of tea， which are affect the aroma and taste of tea. In this study， the method for determination of organic acids was optimized. The system conditions： mobile phase： isocratic elution with 10 mmol/L KH2PO4， pH 2.65， flow rate： 0.8 mL/min， injection volume： 5 μL， determine wavelength： 210 nm， column temperature： 30 ℃. This method can simultaneously detect 9 organic acids including oxalic acid， tartaric acid， quinic acid， pyruvate， malic acid， lactic acid， acetic acid， citric acid， fumaric acid and succinic acid. The contents of organic acids in white teas were detected by the optimized method. The results showed that the content of organic acid in Baimudan was the highest， while that in Shoumei was the lowest. Citric acid and quinine acid were the main components that affected the total amount of organic acids. The contents of pyruvate， acetic acid and citric acid were decreased with the decrease of tenderness， while malic acid was increase. The highest content of oxalic acid was showed in Baimudan and Gongmei. During withering process in white tea， active organic acid metabolism occurred during the first 2/3 period of withering process. The contents of oxalic acid， quinine acid， malic acid and acetic acid increased significantly in the first half of withering， pyruvate and fumaric acid decreased first and then increased during withering， while malic acid decreased first and then decreased.

Abstract:Glycoprotein is a binding protein formed by covalent bond between oligosaccharide chain and protein. Glycoproteins from a variety of natural plant and animal sources have been used， however， glycoproteins in germinated brown rice are underutilized due to their unknown structure and function. DEAE-Cellucose 52 and Sepadex G-200 were further purified and different glycoprotein peaks were collected from germinated brown rice， which was used as raw material for ultrasonic assisted extraction. The results showed that the three glycoprotein peaks， named as WEG， SEG-1 and SEG-2， had typical glycoprotein structure， and had significant scavenging ability against DPPH， hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical， and had certain reducing ability， but weaker than ascorbic acid.

Abstract:High glucose has a greater impact on the body's health. High blood glucose concentrations can cause oxidative stress in the body， and has a wide range of effects， which mainly affects the body's circulatory system， urinary system， and nervous system. Disturbances in signal pathway regulation are one of the main causes of oxidative stress caused by high glucose. With the increasing of prevalence of diabetes， related diseases caused by high glucose have received more and more attention and research， but the study of oxidative stress caused by high glucose and related cell signaling pathways in various system diseases have no comprehensive report. This article firstly summarized different cell types commonly used in the research on different system diseases caused by high glucose and combined the effects of diabetes and its series of complications in different systems of the body. Meanwhile， statistically analyzing the research focued of relevant cell signaling pathways in various system diseases in the past five years. Then by analyzing and comparing the signal pathways related to oxidative stress caused by high glucose， and deriving the internal connections between the pathways， it provided a theoretical reference for the study of oxidative stress related diseases caused by high sugar.

Abstract:Intramuscular connective tissue （IMCT） is an important component of muscle tissue， with a diversity of physiological functions， such as supporting muscle fibers， nerves， and blood vessels， regulating muscle cell growth， providing a matrix that integrates contractile functions. Simultaneously， IMCT has an important effect on the texture and quality of meat. This article reviews the structural composition， functional characteristics， anabolism of IMCT， as well as its distribution in tissues， and illustrate the potential approaches to regulate the types and content of IMCT during animal growth. Finally， controlling IMCT to improve meat quality by using biotechnological means was prospected.

Abstract:Neurodegenerative disease is one of the major public health problems worldwide， but the treatment of these diseases still lacks effective drugs. It is one of the most popular methods that using dietary nutrition to intervene neurodegenerative disease so far. Plant-derived peptides play a significant role in human health by many ways， such as antioxidation， anti-inflammatory， nervous system protection and so on. This article reviews the mechanism of action of plant source peptides on neurodegenerative diseases in rodents， and outlooks its opportunities and challenges in the treatment application of neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract:The intestinal microbiota， acting as an important ‘Organ’ in the human body， is related to a diverse variety of physiological functions including immunity， nutrition and metabolism. Culture-independent metagenomic approaches clarify the complex relationship between intestinal microbiota and human health， but it fails to obtain bacterial isolates， the internal mechanism of specific bacteria playing a role in the intestine cannot be identified， and is not conducive to the further discovery of intestinal ‘dark matter’. Consisting of multiple culture conditions combined with the rapid identification of bacteria， the culturomic approach has enabled the culture of hundreds of new microorganisms that are associated with humans， providing a pure culture of microorganisms for in-depth study of bacterial phenotypes and gene functions， as well as screening new probiotics of intestine provide data support. This review summarized the development of culturomics in recent years and its advantages to the study of human intestinal microbiota.

Abstract:Dietary behavior is a critical cause for the absorption and utilization of the active ingredients of tea. As such， perturbations in diet are significant consequences of tea bioavailability. This review summarizes the effects of dietary on the absorption and utilization of tea components： 1） Meal time， fasting behavior， and dietary restrictions alter physiological conditions and biological clocks， which contribute to the differences in the body； 2） Dietary structure， including protein， carbohydrate， dietary flavonoids， vitamins， and so on， influences directly the transporters， metabolic enzymes， and digestive organs that involved in the metabolism of tea components； and 3） Dietary pattern affects the intestinal microecology by changing the structure and quantity of gut microflora， and then affects indirectly the absorption， utilization， and distribution of tea components. Finally， the research prospect for future research on the intestinal flora and its metabolites in improving the bioavailability of tea components.

Abstract:Objective： Milk and dairy products play an important role in the nutrition and healthy growth of children. Based on the dietary intake， nutritional status and dairy food consumption level of children in China， the Consensus on Dairy Foods and Child Nutrition has been formed by experts in relevant fields. Method： This consensus was formed by collecting and summarizing scientific articles， comments and records of seminars from experts in the field of nutrition， public health， dairy technology and industry. Results： The nutrition status during the childhood can influence the lifelong health. Dairy products are high quality foods which can meet the nutritional needs of children during their growth by providing sufficient nutrients and bioactive compounds. Besides， nutrient-fortified dairy products can be considered as an effective way to improve the nutritional status of children. It is worthwhile to point out that currently the dairy consumption level of children in China， compared with many developed countries over the world， is severely insufficient. Therefore， it is necessary to encourage dairy consumption among children by the adoption of integrated approaches， including the creation of innovative dairy products from the industry， and promotions of dairy consumption via scientific and evidence-based education. Conclusion： This consensus establishes directions for the improvement of children's nutrition， provides scientific proofs for the revision of relevant standards and regulations and guidelines for the development and innovation of the dairy industry in China.